Mathura, on the west bank of Yamuna, and Virindaban, are associated with the most endearing god of the Hindu religion, Lord Krishna. For in these surroundings, popularly known as Brij Bhoomi, Lord Krishna is believed to have grown up, and these are the settings for several anecdotes of his adolescence. Lord Krishna was born in a prison cell at Mathura, which has been converted in to a temple and is an important pilgrimage for Hindus.

In ancient times, Mathura was a renowned cultural centre and received great stimulus under Emperor Ashok in the spheres of sculpture and architecture. Mathura became an important centre of art and sculpture activities in India.

Innumerable stone sculptures, particularly of the Buddha & of Vishnu & other gods of the Hindu pantheon for Mathura, are proudly displayed in different museum galleries all over the world, these were the finest pieces ever produced. The Mathura Buddha's are noted for their beautiful carved haloes with concentric rings of floral or nominating with its awesome spiritual dignity of room and beautiful realisation as in the moving paintings of Ajanta.

The city today abounds in places of religious and historical interest. A number of fairs and festivals provide an opportunity to enjoy the folk music and dances of Brij Bhoomi. Holi is the most important festivals.